الموافقة على قرار الصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية (الايفاد) بشأن التجديد الثاني عشر لموارد الصندوق ووثيقة مساهمة مصر في هذا التجديد بـ 3 ملايين دولار أمريكي

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'«≥

W}/SOHd‡F/DC3« d‡B/DC4 W|—u‡NL/EOT f‡}z— —«d‡/DC1

≤∞≤≤ W‡M/US/DC3 ± r‡/DC1—

©œUH¹ù«® WOŽ«—e/DC3« WOLM²K/DC3 w/DC3Ëb/DC3« ‚ËbMB/DC3« wE/DLEU×/DC4 fK−/DC4 —«d/DC1 wKŽ WI/DLE«u*« ÊQAÐ

≤∞≤± d¹«d³/DLE ±∏≠±∑ …d²H/DC3« ‰öš U/DC4Ë— w/DLE bL²F*« ≤±π r/DC1—

WOÐdF/DC3« dB/DC4 W¹—uNLł WL¼U/US/DC4 WIOŁË wKŽË ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u* dAŽ w½U¦/DC3« b¹b−²/DC3« ÊQAÐ

wJ¹d/DC4√ —ôËœ ÊuOK/DC4 ≥ mK³0 b¹b−²/DC3« «c¼ w/DLE

W|—u‡NL'« f‡}z—

ª —u/SUB/BELb/DC3« s/DC4 ±µ± …œU‡*« h/NAK vK/SO Ÿö/VTô« bF/SOH

ª ¡«—“u/DC3« fK/FS/DC4 WI/DLE«u/DC4 bF/SOHË

∫ —d‡‡‡‡‡‡‡/DC1

© …b}‡/ENQË …œU‡/DC4 /register

≤±π r/DC1— œUH/ETBù« W?O/SO«—e/DC3« WOLM?/SUBK/DC3 v/DC3Ëb/DC3« ‚ËbMB/DC3« vE/DLEU/GS/DC4 fK/FS?/DC4 —«d/DC1 vK/SO o/DLEËÔË

¨‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u* dA/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b/ETBb/FS/SUB/DC3« ÊQA/SOH ≤∞≤± d/ETB«d/EM/DLE ±∏≠±∑ …d/SUBH/DC3« ‰ö/ACK U/DC4Ë— v/DLE bL/SUBF*«

¨vJ/ETBd/DC4√ —ôËœ ÊuOK/DC4 ≥ mK/EM0 b/ETBb/FS/SUB/DC3« «c/SYN v/DLE WO/SOHdF/DC3« dB/DC4 W/ETB—uNL/EOT WL/SYNU/US/DC4 WIO/ETXË vK/SOË

Æ o/ETBbB/SUB/DC3« ◊dA/SOH kH/GS/SUB/DC3« l/DC4 p/DC3–Ë

‡/SYN±¥¥≥ WM/BEL …d/ACKü« ÈœUL/EOT π v/DLE W|—uNL'« W/BELUzd/SOH —b/DEL

Æ  Â≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/ETBUM/ETB ±≤ o/DLE«u*« 

v/US‡O/US/DC3« ÕU‡/SUBH/DC3« b/EM‡/SO

‡/SYN ±¥¥≥ WM/BEL ÊU/EMF/BS µ v/DLE …œuIF*« t/SUB/USK/FS/SOH —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN vK/SO »«uM/DC3« fK/FS/DC4 o/DLE«Ë

Æ  Â ≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL ”—U/DC4 ∏ o/DLE«u*« 

5E!U;« fK−# U…bL†Ž« v†$« «—«dI$«

5F——_«¸ WF—«d$« t𗸜 v!

Document:

Date:

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GC 44/Resolutions

18 February 2021

Public

English

A

5E!U;« …œU"#« v#≈ …d%c&

˚uOFłd*« ’U(ý_«

∫WOMI/SUB/DC3« WK/CAN/BEL_«

Katherine Meighan

W/DC4UF/DC3« …—UA/SUB/US*«

+39 06 5459 2496 ∫n/STXUN/DC3« r/DC1—

k.meighan@ifad.org ∫v/NAKËd/SUBJ/DC3ù« b/ETBd/EM/DC3«

Sylvie Arnoux

5O/NAKu/NAKUI/DC3« 5H/FFu*« …dO/EM/DC2

+39 06 5459 2460 ∫n/STXUN/DC3« r/DC1—

s.arnoux@ifad.org ∫v/NAKËd/SUBJ/DC3ù« b/ETBd/EM/DC3«

∫ozU/ETXu/DC3« dA/NAK

Deirdre Mc Grenra

WO/US/BELR*« WL/DC2u(« V/SUBJ/DC4 …d/ETBb/DC4

¡UC/SO_« ‰Ëb/DC3« l/DC4 U/DC1öF/DC3«Ë

+39 06 5459 2374 ∫n/STXUN/DC3« r/DC1—

gb@ifad.org ∫v/NAKËd/SUBJ/DC3ù« b/ETBd/EM/DC3«

ÊuF/SOH—_«Ë WF/SOH«d/DC3« …—Ëb/DC3« ≠ 5E/DLEU;« fK/FS/DC4

2021 ◊U/EM/BS Ø d/ETB«d/EM/DLE 18-17 ¨ U/DC4Ë—

rKFK#

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'«µ

44≠œ/219 —«d‡I/DC3«

‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u* dA/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b/ETBb/FS/SUB/DC3«

¨ WO/SO«—e/DC3« WOLM/SUBK/DC3 v/DC3Ëb/DC3« ‚ËbMB/DC3« vE/DLEU/GS/DC4 fK/FS/DC4 Ê≈

WO/SO«—e/DC3« WOLM/SUBK/DC3 v/DC3Ëb/DC3« ‚ËbMB/DC3« ¡UA/NAK≈ WO/DC1UH/STX« v/DLE WKB/DC3« «– ÂUJ/ENQ_« v/DC3≈ dOA/ETB –≈

œ—«u/DC4 4 …œU‡*« s/DC4 1 bM/EM/DC3«Ë ¨ tHzU/FFËË ‚ËbMB/DC3« ·b/SYN 2 …œU‡*« W?/DELU/RS/SOHË ¨ W?O/DC1U?H/STXô«

…œU/ETB“ 4 …œU‡*« s/DC4 4 bM/EM/DC3«Ë ¨ W?O??/DLEU?{ù« U?L/SYNU?/US*« 4 …œU‡*« s/DC4 3 bM/EM/DC3«Ë ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3«

s/DC4 6 bM/EM/DC3«Ë ¨ ¡U?C/SO_« UL/SYNU?/US* WLEM?*« ◊ËdA/DC3« 4 …œU‡*« s/DC4 5 bM/EM/DC3«Ë ¨  U?L/SYNU/US*«

fK/FS??/DC4 —«d??/DC1 p/DC3c??/DC2Ë ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« U??OKL??/SO 7 …œU‡*«Ë ¨ W??/DELU??)« U??L/SYNU??/US*« 4 …œU‡*«

UDK/US/DC3« i/ETBuH/STX (1995) 18≠œ /86 —«dI/DC3U/SOH W/DC3bF*« t?/SUBGOB/SOH (1977) 2≠œ /77 5E/DLEU;«

ª ÈcOHM/SUB/DC3« fK/FSLK/DC3

W/CANO/SYN ¡UA/NAKS/SOH ’U)« (2020) 43≠œ /211 5E/DLEU;« fK/FS/DC4 —«d/DC1 v/DC3≈ p/DC3c/DC2 dOA/ETB –≈Ë

v/DLE 5E/DLEU;« fK/FS?/DC4 —d/DC1 YO/ENQ ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u* d?A/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b/ETBb?/FS/SUB/DC3U/SOH W/DELU?)« «—ËUA*«

¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« ¡U?A?/NAK≈ W?O?/DC1U?H/STX« s/DC4 4 …œU‡*« s/DC4 3 bM/EM/DC3« l/DC4 oH?/SUB?/ETB U0 ¨ 5F/SOH—_«Ë W?/ESC/DC3U?/ESC/DC3« t/STX—Ëœ

fK/FS?/DC4 ⁄ö/SOH≈Ë ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u/DC4 W/ETBU?H/DC2 ÷«d?F/SUB?/BEL« WL?N0 UN?C/ETBuH/STXË ¨ «—ËU?A/DC4 W?/CANO/SYN ¡U?A/NAK≈

l/DLEd/STX Ê√ vK/SO h?M/ETB Èc/DC3« VKD/DC3U/SOH oKF??/SUB/ETB U?L?O?/DLE ’u?B?)« t?/EOTË vK/SO d?O??A/ETB –≈Ë ¨ 5E/DLEU?;«

v/DC3≈ ÊQ?A/DC3« «c/SYN v/DLE U?O??/DELu/STX s/DC4 Ác?/RS?/SUB/STX U?/DC4Ë U?N/STXôË«b?/DC4 ZzU?/SUB/NAK s/SO «Îd?/ETBd?I/STX «—ËU?A*« W?/CAN?O/SYN

¨ d?/DC4_« v?C?/SUB??/DC1« «–≈ W?I??/ENQö/DC3« t/STX«—Ëœ v/DLEË ¨ 5F/SOH—_«Ë W??F/SOH«d/DC3« t/STX—Ëœ v/DLE 5?E/DLEU?;« fK?/FS?/DC4

ª «—«d/DC1 s/DC4 V/BELUM/DC4 u/SYN U/DC4 œUL/SUB/SO« WOG/SOH

—U/VT≈ v/DLE ¨´ …dO?GB/DC3« «“UO?(« »U/GS/DEL√ W/SO«—“ `?/DC3UB/DC3 rK/DC1Q/SUB/DC3« Z/DC4U/NAKd/SOH W?OL/SYN√ k/ENQö/ETB –≈Ë

v/DLE `M*«Ë ÷Ëd?I/DC3« Z/DC4U?/NAKd/SOH ‰U?LJ/SUB?/BELô ’U?)« ŸUDI/DC3« q/ETBu9 Z/DC4U/NAKd/SOHË ¨ v?H/ETBd/DC3« œu?L?B/DC3« Z/DC4U/NAKd/SOH

¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u* d?A?/SO v?/NAKU?/ESC/DC3« b/ETBb?/FS?/SUB/DC3« qL?/SO Öu?LM/DC3 U?ÎI?/DLEË d/ETX_« ‚UD/NAK l?O?/BELu/STXË ‚ËbMB/DC3«

vK/SO t/STX«—«d?I/DC3 UÎI/DLEË Z/DC4U/NAKd?/SOH qJ/DC3 ÎöBHM/DC4 W?/NAKU/DC4√ »U/US?/ENQ UL?NL/SOb/DC3 Èc?OHM/SUB/DC3« fK:« Q?A/NAK√ v/SUB/DC3«Ë

ª EB 2020/130/R.13Ë EB 2020/129/R.11/Rev.1 5/SUBIO/ETXu/DC3« v/DLE œ—«u/DC3« u/GSM/DC3«

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'« ∂

—U/EM?/SUB/SOô« 5F/SOH c?/ACK_« - ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u/DC4 W/ETBUH?/DC2 Èb/DC4 ÷«dF?/SUB/BEL« ÷«d?/SI_ t/NAK√ v/DC3≈ dE/NAK b/DC1Ë

‰UB/CAN/SUB/BELô ‚dD/SUB/DC3« v/DLE ‚ËbMB/DC3« WLN/DC4 c?OHM/SUB/DC3 WO/EOT—U)« œ—«u*« o/DLEb/STX …œU/ETB“ v/DC3≈ W/GSK‡*« W/EOTU(«

◊Ëd?A/SOH W?/ENQuM?L*« W?/DELU?/RS/SOHË ¨ W?/DC4«b?/SUB?/US*« W?/SO«—e?/DC3«Ë ¨ vz«c?G/DC3« s/DC4_« oO?I?%Ë ¨ vH?/ETBd/DC3« d?I?H/DC3«

vK/SO WOKOGA/SUB/DC3« t/STX—b/DC1Ë ¨ ‚ËbMBK/DC3 W/DELU)« WL?N*« UÎC/ETB√ —U/EM/SUB/SOô« 5F/SOH c/ACK_« -Ë ¨ W/ETBdO/USO/STX

ª WK/SYNR*« ¡UC/SO_« ‰Ëb/DC3« v/DC3≈ W/DC3UF/DLE …—uB/SOH WO/DLEU{ù« œ—«u*« q/ETBu%

W/DELU?)« «—ËUA*« W?/CANO/SYN d/ETBd?I/STX UO?/DELu/STXË U/EOTU?/SUBM/SUB/BEL« vK/SO o/DLE«u?/ETBË Á—U/EM/SUB?/SO« v/DLE lC/ETB –≈Ë

d?A/SO v/NAKU?/ESC/DC3« b/ETBb?/FS/SUB/DC3« d/ETBd?I/STX (GC 44/L.6/Rev.1) ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u* d?A?/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b?/ETBb/FS?/SUB/DC3U/SOH

ª p/DC3– v/DLE W/EM/SId/DC3«Ë ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« UOKLF/DC3 WO/DLEU{≈ œ—«u/DC4 v/DC3≈ W/EOTU(« ÊQA/SOH ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u*

ª ‚ËbMB/DC3« ¡UA/NAK≈ WO/DC1UH/STX« s/DC4 4 …œU‡*« s/DC4 3 bM/EM/DC3« l/DC4 oH/SUB/ETB U0 ÎöL/SOË

∫ vK‡/ETB U‡/DC4 —d‡I/ETB

∫ WO/DLEU{≈ UL/SYNU/US* …u/SOb/DC3«Ë b/ETBb/FS/SUB/DC3« Èu/SUB/US/DC4 ≠ ÎôË√

dA/SO ÈœU(« b/ETBb/FS/SUB/DC3« …d/SUB/DLE W/ETBUN/NAK v/DLE W/ENQU/SUB*« ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u/DC4 —bI/STX ∫ W/ENQU/SUB*« œ—«u*« ≠1

W??O?/STXQ??/SUB*« œ—«u*« s?/DC4 U/SYNd??O??/SI Ë√ U???OKL??F?/DC3« s/SO W??L??/EOTU?M/DC3« ‰«u??/DC4_« v/DC3≈ W???/DLEU??{ùU/SOH ¨œ—«u???LK/DC3

Êu/NAKU/DC2Ød/ETBUM/ETB 1 s/DC4 «Î¡b/SOH «uM/US/DC3« Àö/ETX …d?/SUB?/DLE ‰ö/ACK ¨W?{d/SUB?I*« ‰«u/DC4_« «b?/SO U?LO?/DLE ¨‚ËbMBK/DC3

Æ vJ/ETBd/DC4√ —ôËœ —UOK/DC4 2.6 mK/EM0 ¨ b/ETBb/FS/SUB/DC3« …d/SUB/DLE 2022 v/NAKU/ESC/DC3«

W/CAN?O/SYN d/ETBdI/STX U?O/DELu/STXË U/EOTU?/SUBM/SUB/BELô …U?/SO«d/DC4 ∫ WO/DLEU{≈ UL/SYNU/US/DC4 .bI/STX v/DC3≈ …u/SOb/DC3« ≠2

œ—«uL?K/DC3 dA?/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b/ETBb?/FS/SUB/DC3« d/ETBd?I/STX ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u* dA?/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b/ETBb?/FS/SUB/DC3U?/SOH W/DELU)« «—ËU?A*«

ÊËu/SOb?/DC4 ¡UC/SO_« ÊS/DLE ¨ p/DC3– »«u?B/SUB/BEL«Ë ‚ËbMB/DC3« U?OKLF/DC3 WO?/DLEU{≈ œ—«u/DC4 v/DC3≈ W/EOTU?(« ÊQA/SOH

s/DC4 3 bM/EM/DC3« v/DLE œb/GS?/DC4 u/SYN UL/DC2 ‚ËbMB?/DC3« œ—«u* WO/DLEU{≈ U?L/SYNU/US/DC4 .b?I/STX v/DC3≈ p/DC3– vK/SO ΡUM/SOH

Æ ÁU/NAKœ√ …œb;« ◊Ëd?AK/DC3 UÎI?/DLEË WO/DLEU?{ù« UL/SYNU/US*« ‚ËbMB/DC3« ¡U?A/NAK≈ WO?/DC1UH/STX« s/DC4 4 …œU‡*«

∫ s/DC4 WO/DLEU{ù« UL/SYNU/US*« n/DC3Q/SUB/STXË

ª `M*«Ë ÷ËdI/DC3« Z/DC4U/NAKd/SOH r/SOb/DC3 WO/BELU/BEL_« UL/SYNU/US*« √ 

ª …d/USO*« ¡U/DC2dA/DC3« ÷Ëd/DC1 s/DC4 ÷d/DC1 È√ v/DLE W/GSM*« dBM/SO »

Æ WO/BELU/BEL_« UL/SYNU/USLK/DC3 dJ/EM*« qOB/GS/SUB/DC3« s/SO ÊU&UM/DC3« ÊUL/SUBzô« Ë√ rB)« ‡/EOT

Æ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 4 …dIH/DC3« v/DLE UNM/DC4 qJ/DC3 v/DLEU{≈ n/ETBdF/STX œd/ETBË

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'«∑

W/DC3Ëœ t?/DC4b??I/STX Èc/DC3« ÷d?I/DC3« ¢d?/US??O*« ¡U?/DC2d?A/DC3« ÷d?/DC1¢ `?KDB0 b?B?I/ETB ¨ —«d??I/DC3« «c/SYN v/DLEË

‚ËbMB/DC3« `/DC3UB/DC3 W/GSM/DC4 dBM/SO sLC/SUB/ETB Èc/DC3«Ë W/DC3Ëb/DC3« U?NL/SOb/STX v/SUB/DC3« U/US/BELR*« Èb/ENQ≈ Ë√ uC/SO

o/DLE«Ë Èc/DC3« q/DC4UJ/SUB*« ÷«d?/SUB/DC1ô« —U/VT≈Ë …d/US?O*« ¡U/DC2d?A/DC3« ÷Ëd/DC1 —U/VT≈ l/DC4 p/DC3– ·ö?/RS/SOH o/US/SUB/ETBË

W‡/US??/BELR?/DC4 W/ETB√ qL??A/ETB ¢W/DC3Ëb/DC3« U??N?L??/SOb/STX v/SUB/DC3« W?/US??/BELR*«¢ `KDB??/DC4Ë ¨ Èc?O??HM/SUB/DC3« fK:« t??OK/SO

¨ u?C?/SO W/DC3Ëb/DC3 W?F/SOHU/STX W?O?LM/SUB/DC3« q/ETBu?L?/SUB/DC3 W?/US?/BELR?/DC4 Ë√ W/DC3Ëb/DC3« …dDO?/US/DC3 W?F?{U?/ACK Ë√ W/DC3ËbK/DC3 W?/DC2uK2

Æ ·«d/VT_« …œbF/SUB/DC4 U/US/BELR*« ¡UM/ESC/SUB/BELU/SOH

W?O??/BELU?/BEL_« U??L/SYNU?/US??LK/DC3 Ÿu?{u?*« œ—«u*« b/ETBb?& ·b/SYN œb??/GS/ETB ∫ œ—«u*« b/ETBb& ·b/SYN ≠3

qOB/GS/SUB/DC3« s/SO 5&UM/DC3« ÊUL/SUBzô« Ë√ rB)«Ë ¨ …d/USO*« ¡U/DC2dA/DC3« ÷Ëd/DC1 s/DC4 ÷d/DC1 È√ v/DLE W/GSM*« dBM/SOË

vJ/ETBd/DC4√ —ôËœ —UOK/DC4 1.55 mK/EM0 œ—«uLK/DC3 d?A/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b/ETBb/FS/SUB/DC3« ‰ö?/ACK WO/BELU/BEL_« UL/SYNU?/USLK/DC3 dJ/EM*«

¨vJ/ETBd/DC4√ —ôËœ —UOK/DC4 3.8 v/DC3≈ qB/ETB U0 `M*«Ë ÷Ëd?I/DC3« Z/DC4U/NAKd/EM/DC3 ·b?N/SUB/US?/DC4 Èu/SUB/US?/DC4 r/SOœ q/EOT√ s/DC4

ÂUE/NAK ‰ö?/ACK s/DC4 ôU?(« lO?L?/EOT v/DLE UB?B?<« œb?%Ë ‚ËbMBK/DC3 Èd?/ACK_« œ—«u*« V/NAKU?/EOT v/DC3≈

Æ ¡«œ_« ”U/BEL√ vK/SO œ—«u*« hOB/RS/STX

∫ U‡L/SYNU‡/US*« ≠ UÎO/NAKU/ETX

WO?/DLEU{≈ UL/SYNU?/US/DC4 ‚ËbMB/DC3« q/EM?I/ETB ¨œ—«u*« b/ETBb& …d/SUB?/DLE ‰ö/ACK ∫ WO/DLEU{ù« UL/SYNU/US*« ≠4

∫ vK/ETB UL/DC2 uC/SO W/DC3Ëœ W/ETB√ s/DC4

ª ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u/DC4 v/DLE ¡UC/SO_« ‰ËbK/DC3 WO/BELU/BEL_« UL/SYNU/US*« √ 

Æ ¡UC/SO_« ‰Ëb/DC3« UN/DC4bI/STX v/SUB/DC3« …d/USO*« ¡U/DC2dA/DC3« ÷Ëd/DC1 s/DC4 ÷d/DC1 È√ v/DLE W/GSM*« dBM/SO »

W?O/BELU?/BEL_« U?L/SYNU/US?LK/DC3 d‡J‡‡?/EM*« q‡‡‡O?B/GS?/SUB/DC3« s/SO ÊU?&U‡‡‡M/DC3« ÊU‡‡‡L?/SUBzô« Ë√ r‡‡B?)« ‡/EOT

Æ ¡U‡‡C/SO_« ‰Ëb‡/DC3« s‡/DC4

√4 …dI?H/DC3U/SOH oKF?/SUB/ETB UL?O/DLE ∫ Êu/ETBb/DC3« qL% vK/SO …—bI/DC3« —U/VT≈ V/EOTu0 WL/SYNU/US*« WO/DC3¬ ≠5

…—bI/DC3« —U/VT≈ q/ETBu9 UN/EM/EOTu0 bM/SUB/US/ETB UÎI/EM?/US/DC4 W/DC3u2Ë WO/DC4UM/ETBœ WO/DC3¬ ‚ËbMB/DC3« QA/NAK√ ¨ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4

œ—«u*« b/ETBb?& v/DLE ¡U?C/SO_« ‰Ëb/DC3« r?/SYNU/US/STX Ê√ sJ1Ë Æ W?I?/EM?/US/DC4 U?/DC4«e?/SUB/DC3« v/DC3≈ Êu/ETBb/DC3« qL?% vK/SO

q/DC4UJ/DC3« œ«b/US/DC3« ÊUL{ q/EOT√ s/DC4 ¨ œ—«u?LK/DC3 «b/SUB/US*« b/ETBb/FS/SUB/DC3« ”U/BEL√ j/ACK WO/DC3ü UÎI?/DLEË b/ENQ«Ë bNF/SUB/SOH

b/ETBb‡/FS??/SUB/DC3« W/ETBU??N/NAK v/SUB?/ENQ U??N?O?K/SO o‡/DLE«u*« Êu/ETBb‡?/DC3« qL?% vK?/SO …—b‡‡I/DC3« —U‡/VT≈ U??/SOËd?A??/DC4 lO??L?'

Æ Êu/ETBb/DC3« qL% vK/SO …—bI/DC3« —U/VTù …b/ETBb'« `MLK/DC3 o/EM/US*« q/ETBuL/SUB/DC3« 5/DC4Q/STXË œ—«uLK/DC3 dA/SO ÈœU(«

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'« ∏

∫ WO/DLEU{ù« UL/SYNU/USLK/DC3 WLEM*« ◊ËdA/DC3« ≠6

UN/STXUL/SYNU?/US0 oKF/SUB/ETB ULO/DLE W?/EM/BELUM/SUB/DC4 WL/SYNU?/US/DC4 «u/DEL√ vK/SO uC/SO W/DC3Ëœ q/DC2 qB?/GS/SUB/BEL √ 

r‡‡B‡)«Ë ¨ …d?/US?O*« ¡U?/DC2d‡‡‡A/DC3« ÷Ëd‡‡/DC1 s/DC4 ÷d‡‡?/DC1 È_ W‡‡/GSM*« d?BM/SOË W?O/BELU?/BEL_«

l/DC4 v/BSUL?/SUB/ETB U‡0 WO?/BELU/BEL_« UL/SYNU?/USLK/DC3 dJ/EM*« qOB?/GS/SUB/DC3« s/SO 5&UM/DC3« ÊU?L/SUBzô« Ë√

ª ‚ËbMB/DC3« ¡UA/NAK≈ WO/DC1UH/STX« s/DC4 6 …œU‡*« s/DC4 3 bM/EM/DC3«

ª UN/DC4«b/RS/SUB/BEL« vK/SO œuO/DC1 l{Ë dO/SI s/DC4 WO/BELU/BEL_« UL/SYNU/US*« ÂbI/SUB/BEL »

U?L/SYNU?/US*« œd/STX ô ¨ ‚ËbM?B/DC3« ¡U?A/NAK≈ W?O?/DC1U?H/STX« s/DC4 4 …œU‡*« s/DC4 √5 bM/EMK/DC3 U?ÎI?/DLEË ‡/EOT

WO?/DC1UH/STX« s/DC4 9 …œU‡*« s/DC4 4 bM/EMK/DC3 U?ÎI/DLEË ô≈ U?N/SOH 5L/SYNU/US*« ¡U?C/SO_« v/DC3≈ W?O/DLEU?{ù«

Æ ‚Ëb‡MB/DC3« ¡U‡A/NAK≈

∫ W/DELU‡)« UL/SYNU‡/US*« ≠7

¨ ‚Ëb‡‡M?B/DC3« s/SO W/SOHU‡‡}?M/DC3U/SOHË œ—«u*« b|b??& …d?/SUB??/DLE ‰ö?/ACK Èc?}??HM/SUB/DC3« f?K/FS?LK/DC3 “u??/FS| √ 

Èd/ACK√ —œUB?/DC4 s/DC4 Ë√ t}/DLE ¡UC/SO√ d?}/SI ‰Ëœ s/DC4 ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u/DC4 v/DLE UL/SYNU/US?/DC4 ‰u/EM/DC1

Æ W/DELU‡)« UL/SYNU‡/US*«

s}???L/SYNU???/US?*« s}JL???/SUB?/DC3 d??}?/SOH«b/STX –U???/RS/STX« v/DLE d?EM| Ê√ Èc???}???HM?/SUB/DC3« fK/FS???L?K/DC3 “u???/FS| »

¨ …b/ENQ vK/SO W/DC3U?/ENQ q/DC2 ·Ëd/FF V/US/ENQ t/STXU/SOU?L/SUB/EOT« v/DLE W/DC2—U?A*« s/DC4 W/DELU/ACK U?L/SYNU/US0

Æ ‚ËbMB/DC3« d}}/US/STX vK/SO UF/EM/STX W|√ d}/SOH«b/SUB/DC3« pK/STX s/SO r/FSM| ô√ WD|d/BS

W}?/DLEU{≈ U?L/SYNU/US?/DC4 r|bI/STX r/SYNU|«u/NAK s/SO ¡U?C/SO_« Êö/SOS/SOH ‚ËbM?B/DC3« dI| ∫ «b‡NF/SUB/DC3« ≠8

œ—«u* d?A?/SO v/NAKU?/ESC/DC3« b|b?/FS?/SUB/DC3« d?|dI?/SUB?/SOH l/BELU?/SUB/DC3« o/GSK‡*« v/DLE œb?;« u?/GSM/DC3« v?K/SO ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u*

«uMKF| Ê√ Êü« v/SUB/ENQ rN/STXUL/SYNU/US/DC4 s/SO UÎ}L/BEL— «uMKF| r/DC3 s|c/DC3« ¡UC/SO_« s/DC4 v/EOTd|Ë ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3«

W?}?/DC3U?/SUB/DC3« d??N?/BS_« W?/SUB??/BEL …d?/SUB??/DLE s/DC4 Âu| d?/ACK¬ ÁU??B?/DC1√ b??/SOu?/DC4 v/DLE p/DC3– ÊuJ?| Ê√ qC?H|Ë ¨ U??NM/SO

l/BELU??/SUB/DC3« o?/GSK‡*« ‚ËbM?B/DC3« ¡U??C??/SO√ q/DC2 v/DC3≈ ‚ËbM?B/DC3« f}z— q/BELd?|Ë ¨ —«d??I/DC3« «c/SYN œU??L??/SUB??/SOô

a|—U?/SUB?/DC3« s/DC4 U?Î/DC4u| 15 “ËU?/FS??/SUB| ô b?/SOu?/DC4 v/DLE œ—«u??LK/DC3 d?A?/SO v?/NAKU?/ESC/DC3« b|b?/FS??/SUB/DC3« d|d?I?/SUB?/SOH ‰b?F*«

Æ Áö‡/SO√ —u‡/DC2c‡*«

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'«π

∫ UL/SYNU‡/US*« »U‡/US/SUB/ENQ« ≠≠≠≠9

∫ vK| U0 UN/STXUL/SYNU/US/DC4 ¡UC/SO_« ‰Ëb/DC3« V/US/SUB% ·u/BEL

ª W/DELU)« V/GS/US/DC3« ‚uI/ENQ «b/ENQË √ 

ª W/DELU)« V/GS/US/DC3« ‚uI/ENQ «b/ENQË r|uI/STX v/DLE W/DC4b/RS/SUB/US*« öLF/DC3« s/DC4 WKL/SO »

uCF/DC3« sJ| r?/DC3Ë ¨ d(« q|u/GS/SUBK/DC3 WK/SOHU/DC1 WK?LF/DC3« pK/STX X/NAKU/DC2 «–≈ r/SYNU/US*« uC?F/DC3« WKL/SO‡/EOT

Ød/EM?L/US|œ 31 v/DC3≈ 2018 v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« Êu?/NAKU/DC2 Ød|UM| 1 s/DC4 …b?/SUBL*« …d?/SUBH/DC3« v/DLE b?N/BS b?/DC1

¨ j/BELu?/SUB*« v/DLE UÎ|u?M/BEL WzU‡*« v/DLE 10 “ËU?/FS?/SUB| r/RS?C/STX ‰b?F?/DC4 ¨ 2019 ‰Ë_« Êu/NAKU/DC2

Æ ‚ËbMB/DC3« Áœb/GS| UL/DC2

«bNF/SUB/DC3«Ë U/DC4«e/SUB/DC3ô« r}I/STX ¨—«dI/DC3« «c/SYN v/DLE 4 …dIH/DC3« ÷«d/SI_ ∫ öLF/DC3« ·d/DEL —UF/BEL√ ≠10

‚ËbM/DEL v/DLE d?NA/DC3« W|U?N/NAK v/DLE t/SOH ‰uL?F*« ·dB?/DC3« dF?/BEL j/BELu/SUB?/DC4 ”U/BEL√ vK/SO —«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN V/EOTu0 W/DC4b?I*«

“ö/DC3« öLF/DC3« s}/SOH ¨ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN œUL/SUB/SO« vK/SO WI/SOHU/US/DC3« W/SUB/US/DC3« dN/BS_« …d/SUB/DLE ‰ö/ACK v/DC3Ëb/DC3« bIM/DC3«

V|dI/SUB/DC3« l/DC4 ¨2020 ‰uK|√ Ød/EM?L/SUB?/EM/BEL 30 ≠ ÊU/US}/NAKØq|d/SOH√ 1 vJ|d/DC4_« —ôËb/DC3« v/DC3≈ U?NK|u%

Æ WF/SOH«d/DC3« W|dAF/DC3« WDIM/DC3« v/DC3≈

œ«b/BEL s/DC4 bF/SOH «uN/SUBM| r/DC3 s|c/DC3« Á¡UC/SO√ ‚ËbMB/DC3« Y/GS/ETB ∫ …œb/US*« d}/SI UL/SYNU/US*« ≠11

rN/STXUL?/SYNU/US/DC4 ozU/ETXË b?F/SOH «u/SOœu| r/DC3 s|c/DC3« ¡U?C/SO_«Ë ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u?/DC4 v/DLE WI/SOHU?/US/DC3« rN/STXUL/SYNU?/US/DC4

ÂeK| U?/DC4 «Ëc‡‡/RS?/SUB?| Ê√ œ—«uL?K/DC3 W?I/SOHU‡/US/DC3« «b|b‡/FS?/SUB/DC3« v/DLE r?N/STXU?L/SYNU?/US?/DC4 «Ëœb?/US| r/DC3 s|c/DC3« Ë√ØË

Æ U‡/EM}/STXd/STX s‡/DC4

b|e/STX Ê√ u‡C/SO W‡‡/DC3Ëœ W|_ “u‡‡/FS| ¨ U/DC1Ë_« s/DC4 X‡‡/DC1Ë È√ v/DLE ∫ UL/SYNU/US*« …œU|“ ≠12

Æ UN/STXUL/SYNU/US/DC4 s/DC4 È√ WL}/DC1 s/DC4

∫ UL/SYNU‡/US*« ozU‡/ETXË ≠ U·/ESC/DC3U/ETX

«b/SO U?L}?/DLE —«dI?/DC3« «c/SYN V/EOTu0 WL/SYNU?/US/DC4 Âb?I/STX v/SUB/DC3« uC?F/DC3« W/DC3Ëb/DC3« Ÿœu/STX ∫ ÂU‡/SO b‡M/SOH ≠13

s}?&UM/DC3« ÊUL?/SUBzô« Ë√ rB)«Ë ¨ …d?/US}*« ¡U?/DC2dA/DC3« ÷Ëd?/DC1 s/DC4 ÷d?/DC1 v/DLE W/GSM*« d?BMF/SOH oKF/SUB| U?/DC4

› U?N/DC3 W/DC3œU‡‡F?/DC4 W‡‡I?}/ETXË Ë√¤ W?L/SYNU‡‡/US?/DC4 W‡‡I?}/ETXË W?}/BELU?‡‡/BEL_« UL?/SYNU/US?LK/DC3 dJ/EM*« q?}B?/GS?/SUB/DC3« s/SO

d?N/BS√ › W/SUB?/US/DC3«¤ …d?/SUB?/DLE s/DC4 Âu| d?/ACK¬ ÁU?B?/DC1√ b/SOu?/DC4 v/DLE p/DC3– Êu?J| Ê√ qC?H|Ë ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« Èb/DC3

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'« ±∞

‚ËbMB/DC3« v/DC3≈ W?}/DLEU?{≈ U?L/SYNU/US?/DC4 r|bI?/SUB/SOH U?Î}L?/BEL— UN?}?/DLE Âe/SUBK/STX ¨ —«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN œU?L/SUB?/SOô W}/DC3U?/SUB/DC3«

Âu?I/STX ·u?/BELË Æ W?I?/EMDM*« WKL?F/DC3U/SOH U?N?/SUB?L/SYNU?/US?/DC4 W?L?}?/DC1 U?N?}?/DLE œb?%Ë ¨ —«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN ÂUJ/ENQ_ U?ÎI?/DLEË

V/EOTu0 …d/US}*« ¡U?/DC2dA/DC3« ÷Ëd/DC1 s/DC4 UÎ{d/DC1 Âb?I/STX v/SUB/DC3« UNL/SOb/STX v/SUB/DC3« W/US?/BELR*« Ë√ uCF/DC3« W/DC3Ëb/DC3«

ÊuJ| Ê√ qCH|Ë ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« l/DC4 …d/USO*« ¡U/DC2dA/DC3« ÷Ëd?/DC1 s/DC4 ÷d/DC1 W}/DC1UH/STX« «d/SOHS/SOH —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN

sJ/DC3Ë —«d‡I/DC3« «c/SYN œU?L/SUB?/SOô W?}/DC3U‡/SUB/DC3« dN?/BS√ › W/SUB?/US/DC3«¤ …d?/SUB/DLE s/DC4 Âu| d?/ACK¬ ÁU?B?/DC1√ b/SOu?/DC4 v/DLE p/DC3–

U?N/SUB?L/SYNU‡/US?/DC4 W‡I?}/ETXË X‡/SOœË√ b?/DC1 u‡C?F/DC3« W‡/DC3Ëb/DC3« ÊuJ/STX Ê√ q/EM?/DC1 f}/DC3 ‰«u‡/ENQ_« s/DC4 ‰U?/ENQ È√ v/DLE

q/DC4U‡J/SUB?*« ÷«d?/SUB‡/DC1ô« —U‡/VT≈ ◊Ëd‡/BS V?/EOTu0 W/SOHuKD*« W?}?/BELU‡?/BEL_« U?N?/SUB?L/SYNU?/US?/DC4 W??L?}?/DC1 œb?/BEL Ë√

Æ Èc}HM/SUB/DC3« fK:« UN}K/SO o/DLE«Ë v/SUB/DC3«

¨ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 15 …dIH/DC3« t}K/SO hM/STX U/DC4 «b/SO UL}/DLE ∫ W/VTËdA*« d}/SI UL/SYNU/US*« ≠14

ÊQ/SOH vMF*« uCF/DC3« vK/SO ◊ËdA/DC4 d}/SI UÎ/DC4«e/SUB/DC3« 13 …dIHK/DC3 UÎI/DLEË Ÿœu/STX WL/SYNU/US/DC4 WI}/ETXË W|√ qJA/STX

u/GS/NAK È√ vK/SO Ë√ —«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN UN}K/SO hM| v/SUB/DC3« ◊Ëd?A/DC3U/SOHË WI|dD/DC3U/SOH WI?/GS/SUB/US*« W?L/SYNU/US*« ÈœR|

W?L/SYNU?/US?/DC4¢‡/DC2 WL?/SYNU/US*« Ác/SYN v?/DC3≈ —UA| ¨ —«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN ÷«d?/SI_Ë ¨ Èc?}?HM/SUB/DC3« fK:« Á—d?I| d?/ACK¬

Æ ¢W/VTËd‡A/DC4 d}‡/SI

sJ9 Âb?/SO W/DC3U?/ENQ v/DLEË ¨ ¡U?M/ESC?/SUB?/BELô« q}?/EM?/BEL vK/SO ¨ “u?/FS| ∫ W/VTËdA*« UL/SYNU/US*« ≠15

WF?/EM/SUB*« W}?F|dA/SUB/DC3« «¡«d?/EOTù« V/EM/US/SOH W/VTËdA?/DC4 d}/SI W?L/SYNU/US/DC4 r|b?I/SUB/SOH «e/SUB/DC3« b?I/SO s/DC4 U/DC4 u?C/SO

sN/STXd| ÊQ/SOH U?Î/GS|d/DEL U·/VT«d?/SUB/BS« sL?C/SUB/STX W?L/SYNU/US?/DC4 WI?}/ETXË u?CF/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 ‚ËbMB/DC3« q/EM?I| Ê√ ¨ t|b/DC3

«œUL?/SUB/SOU/SOH UM/SYN— ¨ U?NM/DC4 ‰Ë_« j/USI?/DC3« «b/SO UL?}/DLE ¨ W?I/GS?/SUB/US*« t/STXU?L/SYNU/US?/DC4 ◊U/US/DC1√ q?/DC2 œ«b/US/SOH

uC?F/DC3« V/NAKU/EOT s?/DC4 «ÎbNF/STX Ác?/SYN WL/SYNU/US?*« WI}/ETXË s?LC/SUB/STX Ê√ s?}F/SUB| t?/NAK√ b}/SOH Æ WI?/ENQö/DC3« W}/NAK«e?}*«

mK/EM*« q?/DC4UJ/DC3 W?/DC4“ö/DC3« «œU??L?/SUB?/SOô« pK/STX d??}/SOHb/STX (1) ∫ vK| U?/DC4 q?/EOT√ s/DC4 Áb?N?/EOT È—U?B??/DC1 ‰c?/EM/SOH

‚ËbMB/DC3« —U?F/BS≈ (2) ¨ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 »20 …d?IH/DC3« v/DLE U?N?}/DC3≈ —UA?*« a|—«u/SUB/DC3« v/DLE œb?;«

¨ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN ÷«d/SI_Ë Æ j/US?/DC1 qJ/DC3 “ö/DC3« œUL/SUB/SOô« vK/SO ‰uB?(« bF/SOH sJ2 X/DC1Ë »d/DC1√ v/DLE

U/DC4bM?/SO W/VTËdA/DC4 d?}/SI Ëb?G/STX UNMJ/DC3Ë ¨¢W?/VTËdA/DC4 W?L/SYNU/US?/DC4¢‡/DC2 qJA/DC3« «cN/SOH W?L/SYNU/US*« v?/DC3≈ —UA|

Æ UN/SOH ‚ËbMB/DC3« —UF/BS≈Ë «œUL/SUB/SOô« vK/SO ‰uB(« r/SUB|

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'«±±

∫ ‰u‡FH*« –U‡H/NAK ≠ U·F/SOH«—

a|—U/SUB/DC3« s/DC4 «Î—U‡/EM/SUB/SO« –U‡HM/DC3« e}/ENQ œ—«u*« b|b& q‡/ACKb| ∫ œ—«u‡*« b|b‡& ‰u‡FH/DC4 –U‡H/NAK ≠16

UL/SYNU?/US/DC4 ozU/ETXË ÊËb/SOH W/DC4b?I/DC4 U/SOu?/DLEb/DC4 Ë√ ¨ UL/SYNU?/US/DC4 ozU/ETXË ‚ËbMB/DC3« Èb/DC3 t?}/DLE Ÿœu/STX Èc/DC3«

 UL/SYNU?/US*« UÎ}/NAKU/ETX bM/EM/DC3« v/DLE UN?}/DC3≈ —UA*« ¡UC/SO_« ‰Ëb/DC3« s?/DC4 W}/DLEU{ù« U?L/SYNU/US*U/SOH WK/DEL «–

50 s/SO qI| ô U?/DC4 W}KJ/DC3« t?/SUB?L}?/DC1 ‰œUF/STX mK/EM?0 ‚ËbMB/DC3« UN?LK/US?/SUB| U/DC4bM/SO Ë√ ¨ —«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4

¨ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 8 …dI?HK/DC3 UÎI/DLEË ¡U?C/SOú/DC3 ‚ËbMB/DC3« f}z— U?NMKF| v/SUB/DC3« «bNF?/SUB/DC3« s/DC4 WzU‡*« v/DLE

—«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN œU?L??/SUB?/SO« s/DC4 d?N?/BS√ (9) W?F?/US/STX b?F/SOH Èc??}?HM/SUB/DC3« fK:« v/DC3≈ «Îd|d?I?/STX f}zd/DC3« Âb?I|Ë

¨ b?F/SOH œ—«u*« b|b?& ‰u?F?H/DC4 –U?H/NAK Âb?/SO W/DC3U?/ENQ v/DLEË ªœ—«u*« b|b?& v/DLE “d?;« Âb?I?/SUB/DC3U/SOH oKF?/SUB*«

Æ f}zd/DC3« s/DC4 W}/DELu/STX vK/SO ΡUM/SOH t/DC3uFH/DC4 –UH/NAK Êö/SO≈ —dI| Ê√ Èc}HM/SUB/DC3« fK/FSLK/DC3 “u/FS|

dI| v/SUB/DC3«Ë W‡‡/SOœu*« WL/SYNU‡‡/US*« o‡zU‡/ETXË `‡/EMB/STX ∫ W|œ«d‡/DLEù« UL/SYNU‡/US*« ‰uFH/DC4 –U‡H/NAK ≠17

…c?/DLEU/NAK ¨ tK/EM?/DC1 Ë√ œ—«u*« b|b& ‰u?F?H/DC4 –U?H/NAK a|—U/STX v/DLE r}K/BEL u?/GS/NAK vK/SO …c?HM/DC4 U?N/NAKQ/SOH ‚ËbMB/DC3«

dI| Ë√ØË Ÿœu/STX v/SUB/DC3« W?L/SYNU/US*« ozU/ETXË `/EM?B/STXË ¨ œ—«u*« b|b& ‰uF?H/DC4 –UH/NAK a|—U/STX v/DLE ‰u?FH*«

Æ —«d/DC1ù« p/DC3– a|—U/STX v/DLE ‰uFH*« …c/DLEU/NAK a|—U/SUB/DC3« p/DC3– bF/SOH r}K/BEL u/GS/NAK vK/SO …cHM/DC4 UN/NAKQ/SOH ‚ËbMB/DC3«

œ—«u* W/DC4bI*« W?}/DLEU{ù« UL/SYNU/US*« l}L?/EOT d/EM/SUBF/STX ∫ U/DC4«e/SUB/DC3ô« bIF/DC3 W/ENQU/SUB*« œ—«u*« ≠18

W?}??/DC1U?H/STX« s/DC4 7 …œU‡*« s/DC4 »2 bM/EM/DC3« V?/EOTu0 U?}KL??FK/DC3 U?/DC4«e??/SUB/DC3« b?I?F?/DC3 W?/ENQU?/SUB??/DC4 ‚ËbMB/DC3«

a|—U/STX s/DC4 «Î—U/EM/SUB/SO« ‚ËbMB/DC3« v/DLE UN/SOH ‰uLF*« WKB/DC3« «– Èd/ACK_« U/BELU}/US/DC3«Ë ‚ËbMB/DC3« ¡UA/NAK≈

Æ –UHM/DC3« e}/ENQ œ—«u*« b|b& ‰u/ACKœ

∫ UL/SYNU/US*« W/DC4– vK/SO W/DC4bI*« nK/US/DC3« ≠ UÎ/US/DC4U/ACK

‚ËbMBK/DC3 “u/FS| ¨ W?}/DC3UF?H/DC3« —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 UÎF/SOH«— bM/EM/DC3« ÂUJ?/ENQ√ s/SO dEM/DC3« ·dB/SOH ≠19

a|—U/STX q/EM?/DC1 UNM/DC4 ¡«e?/EOT√ Ë√ ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u* …œb/US*« U?L/SYNU/US*« q/DC2 t/STXU?}KL?/SO v/DLE Âb/RS/SUB?/US| Ê√

s/DC4 p/DC3– d}/SIË ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« ¡UA/NAK≈ W}/DC1UH/STX« t}K?/SO hM/STX U‡* UÎI/DLEË –UHM/DC3« e}/ENQ œ—«u*« b|b& ‰u/ACKœ

È√ q/DC4U?F|Ë W/SOHU/SUB?/DC2 p/DC3– ·ö?/ACK ¡UC?/SO_« b?/ENQ√ VKD| r/DC3 U?/DC4 ¨ WKB/DC3« «– ‚ËbMB/DC3« U?/BELU}?/BEL

÷«d/SI_« l}L' ¨ UL/SYNU/US*« W/DC4– vK?/SO W/DC4bI*« nK/US/DC3« pK/STX q/SOHUI/DC4 ‚ËbMB/DC3« s/DC4 q|u9 «e/SUB/DC3«

Æ –UHM/DC3« e}/ENQ œ—«u*« b|b& ‰u/ACKœ q/EM/DC1 ‚ËbMB/DC3« U}KL/SO Z/DC4U/NAKd/SOH s/DC4 ¡e/FS/DC2

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'« ±≤

∫ UL/SYNU‡/US*« b|b‡/US/STX ≠ UÎ/BELœU/BEL

∫ W/VTËdA*« d}/SI UL/SYNU/US*« ≠≠≠≠20

WF?/DLEœ W/VTËdA*« d?}/SI t/SUB?L/SYNU/US/DC4 œ«b?/US/SOH r/SYNU/US?/DC4 uC/SO q/DC2 Âu?I| ¨ ◊U/US?/DC1_« b|b/US/STX √ 

œb?/GS| r/DC3 U?/DC4Ë Æ œ—«u*« b|b& …d?/SUB?/DLE ‰ö/ACK Á—U?‡‡}/SUB?/ACK« V/US?/ENQ ◊U/US?/DC1√ vK/SO Ë√ …b?/ENQ«Ë

vK/SO W/VTËd?A?/DC4 d}?/SI W?L/SYNU?/US?/DC4 q/DC2 ◊U/US?/DC1√ œb?/US/STX Ê√ “u?/FS| ¨ WL?/SYNU/US*« W?I?}/ETXË v/DLE

‰Ë_« j/US?I/DC3« WL?}/DC1 q?I/STX ô√ vK/SO ¨ UÎ}?/FS|—b/STX …b|«e?/SUB/DC4 m/DC3U?/EM0 Ë√ W|ËU?/US/SUB?/DC4 ◊U/US?/DC1√

WzU‡*« v/DLE 35 s/SO v/NAKU?/ESC/DC3« j/USI/DC3« W?L}?/DC1 qI/STX ôË ¨ WL/SYNU?/US*« s/DC4 WzU‡*« v/DLE 30 s/SO

Æ vI/EM/SUB*« mK/EM*« ¨ b/EOTË Ê≈ ¨ Y/DC3U/ESC/DC3« j/USI/DC3« vDG| Ê√Ë ¨ UNM/DC4

∫ œ«b‡/US/DC3« a|—«u‡/STX ©»/register

s/DC4 s}/SUB?/US/DC3« Âu}/DC3« v/DLE …b/ENQ«Ë WF?/DLEœ …œb/US*« WL/SYNU/US*« o/GS?/SUB/US/STX ∫ …b/ENQ«Ë WF/DLEœ œ«b/US/DC3« (1)

Æ uCF/DC3« W/DC3Ëb/DC3« WL/SYNU/US/DC4 WI}/ETXË –UH/NAK ¡b/SOH

o/GS/SUB/US| ∫ v/DC3U?/SUB/DC3« ‰Ëb/FSK/DC3 UÎI/DLEË ◊U/US/DC1√ vK/SO U?F/DLEb/DC3« œb/US/STX ∫ ◊U/US/DC1√ vK/SO œ«b/US/DC3« (2)

v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« j/USI/DC3« œ«b?/BEL o/GS/SUB/US|Ë ª —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN œUL/SUB?/SO« s/DC4 v/DC3Ë_« WM/US/DC3« ‰uK/GS/SOH ‰Ë_« j/USI/DC3« œ«b/BEL

WM/US/DC3« ‰uK/GS?/SOH o/GS/SUB?/US?/DC4 d?/ACK¬ j/US?/DC1 È√ œb?/US|Ë ª—«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN œU?L?/SUB?/SO« s/DC4 W}?/NAKU/ESC/DC3« W?M/US/DC3« ‰uK/GS/SOH

l/DC1Ë b?/DC1 –UHM/DC3« ¡b/SOH a|—U/STX sJ?| r/DC3 «–≈ t/NAK√ d}?/SI Æ vB/DC1√ b?/GS/DC2 —«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN œU?L/SUB?/SO« s/DC4 W/ESC/DC3U?/ESC/DC3«

s}/SUB/US/DC3« Âu}/DC3« v/DLE U·I/GS/SUB/US/DC4 ‰Ë_« j/USI/DC3« ÊuJ| ¨ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN œUL/SUB/SO« s/DC4 v/DC3Ë_« WM/US/DC3« ‰uK/GS/SOH

s/DC4 v/DC3Ë_« WM/US/DC3« ‰uK/GS/SOH v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« j/USI/DC3« œ«b/BEL o/GS/SUB/US|Ë ª uCF/DC3« WL/SYNU/US/DC4 WI}/ETXË –UH/NAK ¡b/SOH s/DC4

a|—U/SUB/DC3« s/DC4 W/ESC/DC3U/ESC/DC3« WM/US/DC3« ‰uK/GS/SOH d/ACK¬ j/US/DC1 È√ œ«b/BEL o/GS/SUB/US|Ë ¨ œ—«u*« b|b/FS/SUB/DC3 vKFH/DC3« a|—U/SUB/DC3«

Æ ÎôË√ v/STXQ| ULN|√ ¨ œ—«u*« b|b& …d/SUB/DLE s/DC4 d}/ACK_« Âu}/DC3« v/DLE Ë√ œ—«u*« b|b/FS/SUB/DC3 vKFH/DC3«

…œb‡‡;« a|—«u‡?‡‡/SUB/DC3« q‡‡/EM?/DC1 t?/SUB?L/SYNU?/US?/DC4 b|b‡‡‡/US/STX u‡?‡‡C?/SO È_ “u‡‡/FS| ∫ dJ/EM*« œ«b/US/DC3« ‡/EOT

W}/BELU/BEL_« rN/STXUL/SYNU/US/DC4 ÊuF/DLEb| s|c/DC3« ¡UC/SOú/DC3 “u/FS|Ë Æ Áö/SO√ »20 …dIH/DC3« v/DLE

q‡‡}?B?/GS?/SUBK/DC3 È—U‡‡‡}?F*« v?M/DC4e/DC3« ‰Ëb‡‡'U/SOH W/NAK—U‡‡‡I?/DC4 q/FS?F?/DC4 vM/DC4“ ‰Ëb?' U?ÎI?/DLEË «Îb?I/NAK

W‡‡?}/DC3ü« ”U‡‡/BEL√ vK?/SO s}/SOHu??/US?/GS??/DC4 ÊU??L?/SUB?z« Ë√ r‡B??/ACK vK/SO ‰u‡‡?B?(« ‚ËbM?B/DC3« v/DLE

Æ s}E/DLEU;« fK/FS/DC4 UN}K/SO o/DLE«u| v/SUB/DC3«

o/DLE«u/ETB Ê√ ¨ uCF/DC3« VK/VT vK/SO ΡU‡‡M/SOH ¨ ‚Ëb‡MB/DC3« f‡Ozd/DC3 “u‡/FS/ETB ∫ WK/ETBb/EM/DC3« U/EMO/STXd/SUB/DC3« œ

¨WL?/SYNU/US*« ◊U/US?/DC1√ œb/SO Ë√ ¨W/ETBu?/CAN*« V/USM/DC3« Ë√ ¨…œb?;« œ«b/US/DC3« b?O/SO«u/DC4 d?OO?G/STX vK/SO

Æ ‚ËbMBK/DC3 WOKOGA/SUB/DC3« U/EOTUO/SUB/ENQô« vK/SO UÎ/EMK/BEL dOOG/SUB/DC3« p/DC3– d/ETXR/ETB ô√ vK/SO

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'«±≥

s/DC4 U?Î/DC4u‡| 90 Êu?C?/SI v/DLE W/VTËd?A*« UL?/SYNU‡/US*« œb‡/US/STX ∫ W/VTËdA*« UL/SYNU/US*« ≠21

U0Ë W/VTËdA/DC4 d}/SI W}/EM/USM/DC3« WL/SYNU/US*« `/EMB/STX Ê√ œd?/FS0 –UHM/DC3« e}/ENQ uCF/DC3« WL/SYNU/US/DC4 WI}/ETXË ‰u/ACKœ

Æ —«d?I/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 »20 …d?I??H/DC3« v/DLE …œb?;« œ«b?/US/DC3« b??}?/SO«u?/DC4 l/DC4 ¨ sJ?/DC4√ U?L?/ESC?}??/ENQ ¨ oH?/SUB|

W/VTËd??A*« ◊U??/US?/DC1_« W/DC3U??/GS/SOH ‚ËbM?B/DC3« W/VTËd??A?/DC4 W??L/SYNU??/US?/DC4 W??I??}/ETXË Ÿœu| Èc/DC3« u??C?F?/DC3« mK/EM|Ë

œb‡‡‡;« ÈuM?/US/DC3« œ«b?/US/DC3« a|—U/STX s/DC4 U?Î/DC4u| 30 ÁU‡‡B?/DC1√ b?/SOu?/DC4 v/DLE W?L/SYNU‡‡?/US*« vK/SO W‡‡I?/GS?/SUB?/US*«

Æ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 »20 …dIH/DC3« v/DLE

∫ œ«b‡/US/DC3« WK‡L/SO ≠≠≠≠22

Æ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 9 …dIHK/DC3 UÎI/DLEË ¨ d(« q|u/GS/SUBK/DC3 WK/SOHUI/DC3« öLF/DC3U/SOH UL/SYNU/US*« ÂbI/STX √ 

WKL?/SO W?L}?/DC1 œb?% ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« ¡U?A/NAK≈ W}?/DC1U?H/STX« s/DC4 5 …œU‡*« s/DC4 »2 bM/EMK/DC3 U?ÎI/DLEË »

Âb/RS?/SUB/US*« ·d?B/DC3« dF/BEL ”U?/BEL√ vK/SO W/DELU?)« V/GS/US/DC3« ‚u?I/ENQ «b/ENQË q/SOHU?I/DC4 U?/SOu/DLEb*«

Æ œ«b/US/DC3« X/DC1Ë ‚ËbMB/DC3« U/SOHU/US/ENQ d/STXU/DLEœ v/DLE q|u/GS/SUB/DC3« ÷«d/SI_

¨ ‚Ëb‡MB/DC3« ¡U‡A/NAK≈ W?}/DC1U‡‡H/STX« s/DC4 4 …œU‡*« s/DC4 Ã5 b‡M/EMK/DC3 U·I/DLEË ∫ œ«b/US/DC3« WK}‡/BELË ≠23

W}/NAK–≈ «b?M/BEL Ÿ«b|S/SOH ¨ uCF?/DC3« —U}/SUB?/ACK« V/US/ENQ ¨ «Îb?I/NAK WI?/GS/SUB/US*« U?L/SYNU/US*« U?/SOu/DLEb?/DC4 œb/US/STX

WK/SOHU?/DC1 d??}?/SI ÊuJ/STXË u?C?F/DC3« U/SYN—b??B| v/SUB/DC3« W?N/SOHU?A*« W??/DC4eK‡*« W?}/DC3U‡*« ‚«—Ë_« s?/DC4 p/DC3– d?}?/SI Ë√

UN/SUBL}/DC1 qB/GS| Ê√ ‚ËbMBK/DC3 sJL|Ë ¨ uC?FK/DC3 …bzU/DLE —b/STX ôË UN}/DLE Ÿu/EOTd/DC3« sJL| ôË ‰Ë«b/SUBK/DC3

Ê√ “u/FS|Ë —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 24 …dI?H/DC3« v/DLE UN}K/SO ’u?BM*« ◊ËdAK/DC3 U?ÎI/DLEË VKD/DC3« bM/SO W}?L/BELô«

Æ ÊUJ/DC4ù« —b/DC1 «ÎbI/NAK ¨ W}/BELU/BEL_« rN/STXUL/SYNU/US/DC4 b|b/US/STX v/DLE ‰u/EMI/DC3« s}F/SOH ¡UC/SO_« dEM|

ÂUJ/ENQú/DC3 U??ÎI?/DLEË ∫ WN/SOHUA*« W/DC4eK‡*« W}/DC3U‡*« ‚«—Ë_« Ë√ W}/NAK–ù« «bM/US/DC3« q}B% ≠24

5 …œU‡*«Ë ¨ ‚ËbMB?/DC3« ¡U?A/NAK≈ W?}?/DC1U?H/STX« s/DC4 4 …œU‡*« s/DC4 (1)Ã5 bM/EM/DC3« v/DLE U?N??}K/SO ’u?BM*«

W?}/DC3U‡*« ‚«—Ë_« Ë√ WO/NAK–ù« «bM/US/DC3« q}?B?/GS/SUB/SOH ‚ËbMB/DC3« Âu?I| ¨ ‚ËbMBK/DC3 W?}/DC3U‡*« `z«uK/DC3« s/DC4

UÎI?/DLEË Ë√ «c‡/SYN œ—«u‡*« b|b‡‡& —«d‡‡/DC1 s/DC4 √20 …dI?HK/DC3 U·I/DLEË u?CF/DC3U/SOH W/DELU?)« WN/SOHUA?*« W/DC4eK‡*«

Æ r/SYNU/US*« uCF/DC3«Ë ‚ËbMB/DC3« f}z— s}/SOH t}K/SO oH/SUB| U‡*

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'« ±¥

t/DC3Ëb?/EOT t??/SUB?L/SYNU??/US?/DC4 W?I??}/ETXË Ÿ«b|≈ bM/SO ‚ËbMBK?/DC3 u?C?/SO q/DC2 s?}?/EM| ∫ œ«b/US/DC3« oz«d/VT ≠25

20 s/DC4 «dIH/DC3« v/DLE …œb;« U?/EM}/STXd/SUB/DC3« ”U/BEL√ vK/SO œ«b/USK/DC3 W/ENQd/SUBI*« t?/SUBK}/BELËË Õd/SUBI*« vM/DC4e/DC3«

Æ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4 23 v/DC3≈

∫ œ—«u*« b|b& «u/DEL√ l|“u/STX ≠ UÎF/SOHU/BEL

qJ/SOH oKF?/SUB/STX œ—«u*« b|b?/FS/SUB/DC3 …b|b?/EOT «u?/DEL√ QAM/SUB?/BEL ∫ œ—«u*« b|b& «u/DEL√ ¡UA/NAK≈ ≠26

ÊUL/SUBzô« Ë√ rB)«Ë ¨ …d?/US}*« ¡U/DC2dA/DC3« ÷Ëd/DC1 v/DLE W/GSM*« dBM/SOË ¨ W}?/BELU/BEL_« UL/SYNU/US*« s/DC4

—U/VT≈ v/DLE uC?/SO W/DC3Ëœ W|√ UN?/DC4bI/STX v/SUB/DC3« W?}/BELU?/BEL_« UL/SYNU/US?LK/DC3 dJ/EM*« q}?B/GS/SUB/DC3« s/SO s?}&UM/DC3«

ŸuL?/FS/DC4 V/US?/GS|Ë Æ œ—«uLK/DC3 dA?/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b|b?/FS/SUB/DC3« «u/DEL√ œ—«u?LK/DC3 dA?/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b|b?/FS/SUB/DC3«

U?L/SYNU?/US*« «b?NF?/STX WL?}?/DC1 Ÿu?L?/FS?/DC4 r}/US?I?/SUB/SOH œ—«u?LK/DC3 d?A?/SO v/NAKU?/ESC/DC3« b|b?/FS?/SUB/DC3« «u?/DEL√ WL?}?/DC1

s/SO s}?&UM/DC3« ÊU??L?/SUBzô« Ë√ rB?)«Ë …d?/US?}*« ¡U?/DC2d?A/DC3« ÷Ëd?/DC1 v/DLE W?/GS?M*« d?BM/SOË ¨ W?}?/BELU?/BEL_«

dN?/BS√ W/SUB/BEL ÁU?B/DC1√ b?/SOu/DC4 v/DLE W/DC3U/ENQ q/DC2 v/DLE W?LK/SUB/US*« W?}/BELU/BEL_« U?L/SYNU/US?LK/DC3 dJ/EM*« q}B?/GS/SUB/DC3«

Æ vJ|d/DC4√ —ôËœ 1580000 mK/EM/DC4 vK/SO —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN œUL/SUB/SO« a|—U/STX s/DC4

…QAM*« œ—«uLK/DC3 dA/SO v?/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b|b/FS/SUB/DC3« «u/DEL√ Ÿ“u/STX ∫ œ—«u*« b|b& «u/DEL√ l|“u/STX ≠27

‚Ëb‡‡MB?/DC3« ¡U‡‡A/NAK≈ W?}?/DC1U‡?‡H/STX« s‡/DC4 6 …œU‡*« s/DC4 (3)Ë (2)√3 b‡‡M/EM?K/DC3 U·‡I?/DLEË u?/GSM/DC3« «c?‡‡/SYN vK/SO

∫ v/DC3U‡/SUB/DC3« u‡/GSM/DC3« vK‡/SO

¡U?A/NAK≈ W?}?/DC1U?H/STX« s/DC4 6 …œU‡*« s/DC4 n/DC3√(2)√3 bM/EMK/DC3 U?ÎI?/DLEË ∫ W|u‡CF/DC3« «u‡/DEL√ √ 

Æ ¡UC/SO_« l}L/EOT vK/SO ÈËU/US/SUB/DC3U/SOH W|uCF/DC3« «u/DEL√ Ÿ“u/STX ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3«

¡U?A/NAK≈ W?}?/DC1U?H/STX« s/DC4 6 …œU‡*« s/DC4 ¡U/SOH(2)√3 bM/EMK?/DC3 U?ÎI?/DLEË ∫ WL/SYNU‡/US*« «u‡/DEL√ »

UL/SYNU?/US*« tK/ESC9 U/DC4 W?/EM/USM/SOH ¡UC?/SO_« q/DC2 vK/SO WL/SYNU/US?*« «u/DEL√ Ÿ“u/STX ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3«

UN/DC4bI/STX v/SUB/DC3« …d/US}*« ¡U/DC2dA/DC3« ÷Ëd/DC1 s/DC4 ÷d/DC1 È√ v/DLE W/GSM*« dBM/SOË ¨ W}/BELU/BEL_«

q}B?/GS/SUB/DC3« s/SO ÊU&UM/DC3« ÊUL?/SUBzô« Ë√ rB)«Ë ¨ UNL?/SOb/STX W/US/BELR/DC4 Ë√ u?C/SO W/DC3Ëœ W|√

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'«±µ

U?L/SYNU/US?LK/DC3 W?}KJ/DC3« WL?}?I/DC3« v/DLE WB?/GS?/DC2 W/SOu?/DLEb*«Ë W?}/BELU?/BEL_« UL/SYNU?/US?LK/DC3 dJ/EM*«

r‡‡B‡)«Ë ¨ …d‡‡?/USO*« ¡U?/DC2d‡‡‡A/DC3« ÷Ëd‡‡?/DC1 l‡‡}L?/EOT v/DLE W‡‡/GSM?*« d‡‡B‡M/SOË ¨ W?}/BELU?/BEL_«

u?/GSM/DC3« v?K/SO W?}?/BELU?/BEL_« U?L/SYNU??/US*«Ë dJ/EM*« q}?B??/GS?/SUB/DC3« s/SO s}?&UM?/DC3« ÊU?L?/SUBzô« Ë√

Æ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN s/DC4  UL/SYNU/US*« U}/NAKU/ETX bM/EM/DC3« v/DLE t}K/SO ’uBM*«

¨ l/SOH«d/DC3« b?|b??/FS??/SUB?/DC3« «u??/DEL√Ë ¨ W??}K?/DEL_« «u??/DEL_« l|“u/STXË h?}??B??/RS?/STX d??L??/SUB???/US| ‡/EOT

¨ s/DC4U/ESC/DC3« b|b/FS/SUB/DC3«Ë ¨ l/SOHU/US/DC3« b|b/FS?/SUB/DC3«Ë ¨ ”œU/US/DC3« b|b/FS/SUB/DC3«Ë ¨ f/DC4U)« b|b/FS/SUB/DC3«Ë

iG/SOH œ—«u?LK/DC3 d?A?/SO ÈœU?(« b|b?/FS?/SUB/DC3«Ë ¨ d?/BSU?F?/DC3« b|b?/FS?/SUB/DC3«Ë ¨ l/BELU?/SUB/DC3« b|b?/FS?/SUB/DC3«Ë

Æ –UHM/DC3« e}/ENQ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN ‰u/ACKœ s/SO dEM/DC3«

d?A?/SO v/NAKU?/ESC/DC3« b|b?/FS?/SUB/DC3« «u?/DEL√ l|“u/STX q/ACKb| ∫ œ—«u*« b|b& «u/DEL√ ‰uFH/DC4 –UH/NAK ≠28

œUL/SUB/SO« s/DC4 dN?/BS√ W/SUB/BEL bF/SOH –UHM/DC3« e}/ENQ ¨ Áö/SO√ …œ—«u/DC3« ÂUJ/ENQ_« t}K/SO hM/STX U?L/EM/US/ENQ ¨ œ—«uLK/DC3

¨ œ—«uLK/DC3 d?A/SO v/NAKU/ESC/DC3« b?|b/FS/SUB/DC3« W|u?C/SO «u/DEL√ l|“u/STX ‚ËbMB/DC3« f}z— s?KF|Ë Æ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN

a|—U/SUB/DC3« s/DC4 UÎ/DC4u| 15 ÁUB?/DC1√ b/SOu/DC4 v/DLE ‚ËbMB/DC3« v/DLE ¡U?C/SO_« ‰Ëb/DC3« qJ/DC3 UL/SYNU?/US*« «u/DEL√Ë

Æ s}F/SOH—_«Ë W/US/DC4U)« t/STX—Ëœ v/DLE U/DC4uKF*« Ác/SYN q/ESC0 s}E/DLEU;« fK/FS/DC4 mK/EM|Ë ¨ œb;«

∫ W}/DLEU‡{≈ œ—«u‡/DC4 W‡/CAN/EMF/STX ≠ U·M/DC4U/ETX

∫ ‚ËbMB/DC3« q/EM/DC1 s/DC4 ÷«d/SUB/DC1ô« ≠≠≠≠29

b|b?& U?L/SYNU‡/US?/DC4 ÊQ‡/SOH s}E/DLEU?;« fK/FS?/DC4 d‡I| s}?/ENQ v/DLE ∫ ÷«d/SUB‡/DC1ô« s/DC4 ÷d‡G/DC3« √ 

V/ENQd| t/NAKS?/DLE ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« q|uL?/SUB/DC3 v/BELU?/BEL_« —bB*« ¨ vI?/EM/STX Ê√ vG/EMM|Ë ¨ vI?/EM/STX œ—«u*«

≠ t‡‡L/SOb/ETBË œ—«u‡*« s/DC4 U?Î/SOu‡‡M/STX d/ESC/DC2√ W?/SOuL/FS?/DC4 s/DC4 …œUH/SUB?/BELô« vK/SO ‚ËbMB/DC3« ÂeF/SOH

·—U?B/DC4Ë ¨ ‰Ëb/DC3« U?NL?/SOb/STX v/SUB/DC3« U/US?/BELR*«Ë ¡U?C/SO_« ‰Ëb/DC3« s/DC4 ÷Ëd?I/DC3« p/DC3– v/DLE U0

U?/US/BELR?/DC4 s/DC4 s|d?L?/ESC/SUB?/US*«Ë W?}M/VTu/DC3« ‚u?/DLE U/US?/BELR*«Ë ·«d/VT_« …œb?F?/SUB/DC4 W?}?LM/SUB/DC3«

Æ œ—«u*« b|b& …d/SUB/DLE ‰ö/ACK q/DC4UJ/SUB*« ÷«d/SUB/DC1ô« —U/VT≈ V/EOTu0 ≠ ’U)« ŸUDI/DC3«

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'« ±∂

Èc/DC3« q/DC4UJ/SUB*« ÷«d/SUB/DC1ô« —U‡/VT≈ Èc}‡HM/SUB/DC3« fK:« l‡{Ë ∫ q/DC4UJ/SUB*« ÷«d/SUB/DC1ô« —U/VT≈ »

W}/NAKUJ/DC4≈ b|b?/GS/SUB/DC3« t/EOTË vK/SO `}/SUB|Ë ¨ ‚ËbMB/DC3« v/DLE ÂU?F/DC3« ÷«d/SUB/DC1ô« ◊UA/NAK e?zU/DC2— œb/GS|

W??}M/VTu/DC3« ‚u??/DLE U??/US?/BELR?*«Ë ·«d/VT_« …œb?F??/SUB??/DC4 W??}?L?M/SUB/DC3« ·—U??B?/DC4 s?/DC4 ÷«d?/SUB??/DC1ô«

ÈœU?}?/US/DC3« ÷«d/SUB?/DC1ô« —U/VT≈ qJA|Ë ¨ ’U?)« ŸUDI/DC3« U?/US?/BELR?/DC4 s/DC4 s|d?L/ESC?/SUB?/US*«Ë

Èd/US| ‰«e| ôË q/DC4UJ/SUB*« ÷«d?/SUB/DC1ô« —U/VT≈ s/DC4 «Î¡e/EOT …d/US}*« ¡U?/DC2dA/DC3« ÷Ëd/DC1 —U/VT≈Ë

…—«œ≈ q/DEL«u?/SUB??/BEL ¨ —U/VTù« «c/SYN l/DC4 v/BSU?L??/SUB| U0Ë Æ s|œb?;« ¡«dE?MK/DC3 U?L?N/SOH q?L?F/DC3«

U/SYNƒ«d?/EOT≈ r/SUB| v/SUB/DC3« W?}L?/BELd/DC3« U?{ËUH?*« l}L?/FS/SOH Èc?}HM?/SUB/DC3« fK:« ⁄ö/SOH≈ ‚ËbMB/DC3«

¨ WKB/DC3« «– …c?/RS?/SUB*« W?/EM?/EOT«u/DC3« W|UMF/DC3« p/DC3– v/DLE U0 ¨ WKL?/SUB?/GS?/DC4 W?{dI?/DC4 U?N?/EOT l/DC4

Æ WKB/GS/SUB*« W}/DC3U‡*« U/DC4uKF*«Ë

¨ »Ë √ s}?/SUB?}/SOd?‡H/DC3« s}/STXd‡I?H/DC3U/SOH o‡‡KF?/SUB| U‡L?}?/DLE ∫ W}/NAKu/NAKUI/DC3« W}/DC3u/CAN/US*« b|b% ‡/EOT

‚ËbMB?/DC3« ¡U??A/NAK≈ W??}??/DC1U??H/STX« s/DC4 3 …œU‡*« s/DC4 3 bM/EM?/DC3« Ê√ ¨ pA/DC3« VM/FS??/SUB?/DC3 ¨ d??/DC2c‡|

s/SO UÎ/NAKu?/NAKU?/DC1 ÎôËR??/US??/DC4 t?/SUB|u??C??/SO V/EM??/US/SOH u?C??F/DC3« d??/EM??/SUB?F| ô¢ ∫ v?K| U?/DC4 v?K/SO hM/STX

Æ ¢t/STXU/DC4«e/SUB/DC3« Ë√ ‚ËbMB/DC3« U/DLEdB/STX

∫ W/SOuM/SUB*« U}KLF/DC3«Ë „d/SUBA*« q|uL/SUB/DC3« ≠≠≠≠30

–U?/RS/STX« vK/SO œ—«u*« b|b?& …d?/SUB?/DLE ‰ö?/ACK ‚ËbMB/DC3« f}?z—Ë Èc}?H?M/SUB/DC3« fK:« l/FS?A| √ 

q|u??L?/SUB/DC3« W??/EM?/US/NAK …œU?|“ v/DLE ‚ËbMBK/DC3 Èe??}?H??/GS?/SUB?/DC3« —Ëb/DC3« e|e?F??/SUB/DC3 W??/DC4“ö/DC3« d?}/SOH«b??/SUB/DC3«

r/SYNœU?L?/SUB?/SO«Ë ¡«d?I?H/DC3« s}?}H?|d/DC3« ÊUJ/US/DC3« ÁU?/DLE— s}?/US?% u?/GS/NAK t/EOTu?*« v/DC3Ëb/DC3«Ë vM/VTu/DC3«

U??/DC4b?)« ¡«œ√ vK?/SO t/STX—b?/DC1 «b??/RS?/SUB??/BELU/SOH ‚ËbM?B/DC3« œ—«u?/DC4 q}??LJ/SUB?/DC3Ë ¨ «c/DC3« vK/SO

pK/STX vK/SO s9R*« v/DELu/DC3« —Ëb?/SOH ÂU}?I/DC3«Ë œ—«u*« …—«œ≈ p/DC3– v/DLE U0 ¨ W?}IM/SUB/DC3«Ë W?}/DC3U‡*«

sLC/SUB/STX v/SUB/DC3« U}?KLF/DC3« ‰u9 s/DC3Ë Æ ‚ËbMB/DC3« nzU/FFËË ·b/SYN l/DC4 oH/SUB| U0 ¨ œ—«u*«

Æ ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u/DC4 s/DC4 W}/DC3U‡*« U/DC4b)« Ác/SYN q/ESC/DC4 W|œQ/STX

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'«±∑

œu?N?'« q/DC2 ‰c/SOH v/DC3≈ ¡U??C?/SO_« ‰Ëb/DC3« s}E/DLEU?;« fK/FS?/DC4 u?/SOb?| ¨ œb?B/DC3« «c/SYN v/DLE »

‰«u?/DC4_« s?/DC4 U?L/SYNU??/US?/DC4 r|b??I/STXË b?/ENQ v?B?/DC1√ v/DC3≈ W??}?/BELU??/BEL_« U?N/STXU??L/SYNU?/US??/DC4 …œU|e/DC3

«“U??}?(« »U??/GS??/DEL√ W??/SO«—“ `/DC3U?B?/DC3 rK/DC1Q??/SUB/DC3« Z/DC4U/NAKd/SOH r/SOb?/DC3 W?}??/DLEU??{ù« W?}?K}?L?J/SUB/DC3«

W}LM/SUB/DC3« ôU/DC2Ë ‰ö/ACK s/DC4 p/DC3– v/DLE U0 ¨ ’U?)« ŸUDI/DC3« q|u9 Z/DC4U/NAKd/SOHË ´ …d}GB/DC3«

`/DC3UB/DC3 rK/DC1Q/SUB/DC3« Z/DC4U/NAKd/SOH qL?F|Ë Æ UN/DC3 WF/SOHU/SUB/DC3« Èd/ACK_« W}?/DC4uJ(« ôU/DC2u/DC3«Ë W}zUM/ESC/DC3«

vK/SO ‚ËbM?B/DC3« …—b?/DC1 ‚UD/NAK l?}?/BELu/STX vK/SO ´ …d??}?G??B/DC3« «“U?}??(« »U?/GS??/DEL√ W?/SO«—“

‚ËbMBK?/DC3 `}?/SUB| U2 ¨ s?}?/FS?/SUBM?*« —U?G?/DEL v/DC3≈ r?/BELU?(« v/DLEU??{ù« ŒUM*« q|u9 t?}??/EOTu/STX

bF|Ë Æ d/ETX_« W?}/DC3U/SO W}/DLEU?{≈ ö/ACKb/STX ‰ö/ACK s/DC4 `M*«Ë ÷Ëd?IK/DC3 t/FS/DC4U/NAKd/SOH ‰U?LJ/SUB/BEL«

W?}?H|d/DC3« U?/SOËdA?LK/DC3 ’U?)« q|u?L?/SUB/DC3« e?}?H?/GS/SUB?/DC3 …«œ√ ’U)« ŸUD?I/DC3« q|u9 Z/DC4U/NAKd/SOH

»U/EMA?K/DC3 qL/SO ’d/DLE oK/ACK vK/SO e}?/DC2d/SUB/DC3« l/DC4 ¨ r/FS(« WD/BELu/SUB?/DC4Ë …d}GB/DC3«Ë Èd?GB/DC3«

ŸUDI/DC3« v/DLE WK?/SOUH/DC3« U?N?'« s/DC4 …b|b?/EOT W?/SOu?L?/FS/DC4 l?/DC4 …d/BSU?/EM?/DC4 qL?F/DC3«Ë ¨ ¡U?/USM/DC3«Ë

‰«u?/DC4_« s/DC4 UL/SYNU?/US/DC4 W?/CAN?/EMF?/SUB/DC3 W/DC4“ö/DC3« d?}/SOH«b/SUB?/DC3« UÎC|√ …—«œù« c?/RS/SUB?/SUB/BELË Æ ’U?)«

Èd?/ACK_« WK/SOUH/DC3« U?N'«Ë ¡U?C/SO_« d?}/SI ‰Ëb/DC3« s/DC4 s}?/FS/DC4U?/NAKd/EM/DC3« s|c?N/DC3 W}K}?LJ/SUB/DC3«

¨ W|d?})« U/US?/BELR*«Ë ¨ ·«d/VT_« …œbF?/SUB/DC4 U?LEM*« p/DC3– v/DLE U0 ¨ W?}/DC4uJ(« d?}/SI

U/SOHU?‡‡/US????/ENQ «Ëœ√ ÂU‡?‡J?‡/ENQ√ l/DC4 v?/BSU???L????/SUB| U?‡0 Èd‡?‡/ACK_« U?/NAKU‡‡?}J/DC3«Ë ¨ œ«d????/DLE_«Ë

Æ WK‡B/DC3« «– W/NAKU‡/DC4_«

∫ s}E/DLEU;« fK/FS/DC4 v/DC3≈ d|—UI/SUB/DC3« l/DLE— ≠ UÎF/BELU/STX

s}??F/SOH—_«Ë W?/US?/DC4U??)« t/STX—Ëœ v/DLE s}E/DLEU??;« fK/FS??/DC4 vK/SO ‚ËbMB/DC3« f}z— ÷d??F| ≠31

«– Èd?/ACK_« —u??/DC4_«Ë ¨ U?/SOu?/DLEb?*«Ë ¨ U?/DC4«e?/SUB/DC3ô« l?{Ë s/SO d|—U?I/STX U??N/DC3 W?}/DC3U??/SUB/DC3« «—Ëb/DC3«Ë

U??I?}KF??/SUB/SOH W?/SOu??H??A?/DC4 s}E/DLEU??;« fK/FS??/DC4 vK/SO d|—U??I?/SUB/DC3« ÷d??F/STXË ¨ œ—«u*« b|b??/FS?/SUB?/SOH WKB/DC3«

Æ UN/NAKQA/SOH t/STXU}/DELu/STXË ¨ b/EOTË Ê≈ ¨ UN}K/SO Èc}HM/SUB/DC3« fK:«

≤∞≤≤ WM/BEL d/EML/US/ETBœ ≤≤ v/DLE µ± œbF/DC3« ≠ WOL/BELd/DC3« …b/ETBd'« ±∏

∫ Èc}HM/SUB/DC3« fK:« ÷«dF/SUB/BEL« ≠ «Îd/BSU/SO

¨ œ—«u*« b|b??& —U/VT≈ v/DLE U??L/SYNU?/US*« l?{Ë UÎ|—Ëœ Èc?}??HM/SUB/DC3« fK:« ÷d??F?/SUB??/US| ≠32

Æ —«dI/DC3« «c/SYN ÂUJ/ENQ√ c}HM/SUB/DC3 U/SYN–U/RS/STX« d/DC4_« vC/SUBI| b/DC1 v/SUB/DC3« «¡«d/EOTù« c/RS/SUB|Ë

¨ V/EM/US?/SUB/DC3U/SOH —c/NAK√ Ë√ ¨ œ—«u*« b|b& …d?/SUB/DLE ‰ö?/ACK UL/SYNU?/US*« œ«b/BEL d/ACKQ?/STX V/EM/US/STX «–≈ ≠33

b|b& ·«b/SYN√ ⁄uK?/SOH ÊËœ Èd/ACK√ …—uB/SOH W/DC3uK}?(« Ë√ ¨ W}?{«d/DC1ù« ‚ËbMB/DC3« U}K?L/SO n/DC1u/STX v/DLE

fK:« VK/VT vK/SO ¡UM/SOH ¨ u?/SOb| Ê√ s}E/DLEU?;« fK/FS/DC4 f}?zd/DC3 “u/FS| ¨ Èd/SYNu?/EOT qJA/SOH œ—«u*«

W/BEL«—b/DC3 (2020) 43≠œØ211 —«d?IK/DC3 U·I?/DLEË «—ËU?A*« W?/CAN}?N/DC3 ŸU?L?/SUB?/EOT« bI?/SO v/DC3≈ ¨ Èc?}?HM/SUB/DC3«

W}?{«d‡‡/DC1ù« ‚Ëb‡‡MB/DC3« U‡‡}KL/SO —«d‡‡L?/SUB/BELô W/DC4“ö/DC3« ·Ëd‡‡E/DC3« o?}I% q/EM/BEL v?/DLE d‡‡EM/DC3«Ë W/DC3U(«

Æ W|d/SYNu/EOT …—uB/SOH ·«b/SYN_« pK/STX ⁄uK/SOH Ë√

∫ …b*« nB/SUBM/DC4 ÷«dF/SUB/BEL« ≠ dA/SO ÈœU/ENQ

«¡«d?/EOTù«Ë d}/SOH«b?/SUB/DC3« c?}HM/STX ÷«d?F/SUB?/BEL« ¡«d?/EOT≈ œ—«u*« b|b& …b?/DC4 nB?/SUBM/DC4 v/DLE r/SUB| ≠34

U?/EOTU?/SUBM/SUB?‡‡/BELô« ÷d‡‡F/STXË ¨ ‚Ëb‡M?B/DC3« œ—«u‡* d?A?/SO v/NAKU?/ESC?/DC3« b|b?/FS?/SUB/DC3« d|d?I/STX v/DLE U??N?}/DC3≈ —U?A*«

b|b?/FS?/SUB/DC3U/SOH W?/DELU?)« «—ËUA*« W?/CAN?}/SYN U?/SOU?L?/SUB?/EOT« Èb/ENQ≈ vK?/SO ÷«dF?/SUB?/BELô« U?N?}/DC3≈ vN?/SUBM| v/SUB/DC3«

Æ ‚ËbMB/DC3« œ—«u* dA/SO Y/DC3U/ESC/DC3«